问题详情

1984～1985年，美国的货币供给从5703亿美元增加到6410亿美元，巴西的货币供给从244亿克鲁扎多增加到1061亿克鲁扎多。同期美国的消费价格指数从96.6升至100，巴西消费价格指数从31升至100。请分别计算1984～1985年。美国和巴西的货币供给增长率和通货膨胀率。假设其他影响货币市场的因素变动不大，这些数字与本章模型的预测是否一致，如何解释为什么美国和巴西的价格反应存在明显差异？
Between 1984 and 1985，the money supply in the United States increased to ＄641.0 billion from ＄570.3 billion．while that of Brazil increased to 106.1 billion cruzados from 24.4 billion．Over the same period，the U.S. consumer price index rose to 100 from a level of 96.6，while the corresponding index for Brazil rose to 100 from a level of only 31． Calculate the 1984-1985 rates of money supply growth and inflation for the United States and Brazil，respectively．Assuming that other factors affecting the money markets did not change too dramatically，how do these numbers match up with the predictions of this chapter's model？ How would you explain the apparently different responses of U.S. compared with Brazilian prices？