Column A1) ______ linguistic competence and li
问题详情
Column A
1) ______ linguistic competence and linguistic performance
2) ______ assimilation and accommodation
3) ______ the language acquisition device (LAD)
4) ______ communicative competence
5) ______ the input hypothesis
Column B
a) The former is the process by which incoming information is changed or modified in our minds so that we can fit it in with what we already know; while the latter is the process by which we modify what we already know to take into account new information.
b) The former refers to knowledge of grammatical rules of language; whale the latter refers to application of language.
c) The ability not only to apply the grammatical rules of a language in order to form. grammatically correct sentences but also to know when and where to use these sentences and to whom.
d) A sort of mechanism or device which contains the capacity to acquire one"s first language.
e) It assumes that humans acquire language in only one way--by understanding messages, or by receiving "comprehensible input".
参考答案
正确答案：B,A,D,C,E
1)b 2)a 3)d 4)c 5)e
[解析] 1) 乔姆斯基把人类语言划分为语言能力(Linguistic competence)和语言行为(Linguistic performance)，语言能力指的是说母语的人所具有的母语知识；语言表达能力是指母语使用者说出的具体话。
2) 皮亚杰认为儿童通过同化(Assimilation)和调节(Accommodation)的过程认知了图式和概念，同化指的是新成分被纳入到概念或图式的心理过程，而调节是指现有的概念或图式在新信息的基础上发生变化的过程。
3) 乔姆斯基提出的语言习得机制LAD，孩子天生就具有一种特殊的学习语言能力，当生活在语言环境之中，就会不知不觉掌握其语言规则，这种机制包括有关人类语言内在的本质及其语言结构的基本知识。
4) 交际能力(Communicative Competence)是海姆斯(Hymes)为了把自己的交际语言观与乔姆斯基的语言能力理论相区别而创造出来的，不仅是指乔姆斯基所说的语言能力，而且也包括知道在何时何地使用这些句子，以及用于何种对象的能力。
5) 自然法奠基人克拉申提出语言输入假设认为人们习得语言的唯一途径——理解信息，即接受“可理解的输入”，它指的是习得者能够根据语言使用的环境和语言的形式理解所表达的话语。
