问题详情

A major sociological(社会学的)theory known as symbolic interactionism(符

号互动论)offers some important clarification of how men and women are taught tofill different roles in society.The key concept in symbolic interactionism isthat communication makes a big difference in behavior：people act on the basis ofmessages they receive from others，and how they understand those messages. Thiscan be seen in a concept developed by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley known asthe looking-glass self.

By the looking-glass self，Cooley meant the self-image that each of usdevelops according to the messages we receive from others;we think and behaveaccording to our understanding of those messages.If, for example，a young girl isrepeatedly told that she is pretty, she will come to believe that(1)she is infact pretty，and(2)being pretty is an important thing in her life.Similarly，ifshe is told that she is not good(or not expected to be good)at certainthings(such as math) she will come to believe that she is not good at suchthings and would better off working at things she can be successful at.Thelikely product is a young woman who devotes a great deal of attention to herappearance，regards being pretty as a key to success in life，and who isintimidated by anything involving numbers.

Since we know that young girls are given messages like these，and that youngboys are given different messages，we can see a good part of how sex roles aretaught.There is little or no evidence of differences in what young girls andyoung girls and boys can do，but the older children become，the greater thedifferences in the areas in which boys and girls are likely to stand out.

26.Symbolic interactionism helps to explain______.

A.how to make a difference in people’s social behavior

B.how to make people understand different social roles

C.how men and women learn to communicate in society

D.how men and women learn to take different social roles

27.The "looking-glass self" concept offers a clue as to______.

A.whether one can improve one’s self-image

B.whether one is likely to succeed in an area

C.how one receives different social messages

D.how social messages shape one’s self-image

28.The example of the young girl shows that______.

A.women care more about appearance

B.women are inferior to men in numbers

C.people are liable to social expectations

D.people regard looks as a key to Success

29.The phrase “better off’(para.2)probably means——-

A.more comfortable

B.more dependable

C.more respectable

D.more reasonable

30.Boys and girls are likely to stand out in different areas______.

A.as they advance in age

B.as they grow in wisdom

C.as their interests diversify

D.as their capacities develop