Toads are Arthritis and in Pain Arthritis c关节炎
问题详情
Toads are Arthritis and in Pain
Arthritis c关节炎) is an illness thatcan cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads (蟾蜍),a big problem inthe north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs andbackbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are morelikely to be larger and to have longer legs. (46)
The large yellow toads,native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-easternAustralian state of Queenslandin 1935 in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from de-stroyingsugarcane crops. Now up t0 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in thecountry, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up t0 60 kma year. The toads can now be found across more than one million squarekilometers. (47) A Venezuelanpoison virus was tried tin the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was foundto also kill native frog species.
The toads have severelyaffected ecosystems inAustralia.Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from theirpoison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth._ (48)
A co-author of the newstudy, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney,says that lit-tle attention has been given to the problems that toads face.Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queenslandand the Northern Territoryand found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active,sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.
According to the results ofthe study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night. (49) But speed and strength come at aprice-arthritis of the legs and backbone due to con-stant pressure placed onthem.
Inlaboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping,arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop (跳跃). _ (50) These toads are so programmedto move~ apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and asfar as the healthy ones, continuing their constant march across the landscape.
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50请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
参考答案
问题 1 答案解析：
??C；句意：但这种优势也有一个很大的缺点——高达10%的最大蟾蜍都有关节炎。根据文章标题可知本文的主题是患有关节炎的蟾蜍。第一段开始先讲了关节炎这种疾病，指出澳大利亚北部的蟾蜍正在遭受关节炎的痛苦。紧接着说跳得最快的蟾蜍往往个头大，腿长，根据文章主题，显然还是要落脚到关节炎上，故选C。??
问题 2 答案解析：
??F；句意：此外，它们很快占领了澳大利亚本土物种的自然栖息地。第二段介绍了一种体型巨大的黄色蟾蜍被引进到澳大利亚昆士兰州之后数量迅速增长，分布范围不断扩大．紧接着说它们占领本地蟾蜍的自然栖息地是顺理成章的，故选F??
问题 3 答案解析：
??A；句意：现在这个国家面临的任务是如何除掉蟾蜍。上文介绍了蟾蜍的入侵给澳大利亚生态系统造成严重危害，面对这些危害，人们很自然的一个想法应该是怎么除掉这些蟾蜍，故选A。??
问题 4 答案解析：
??D；句意：腿长的蟾蜍移动更快行进距离更远，而其他蟾蜍则被抛在后面。第五段第一句提到，“根据研究结果，最快的蟾蜍一晚上能行进一公里的距离”，而第四段提到作为研究对象的约500只蟾蜍是来自两个不同地方的。按照试验思路，此处应该具体介绍一下哪些蟾蜍行进速度快。故选D。??
问题 5 答案解析：
??E；句意：但是研究发现，在实验室外，关节炎并没有使蟾蜍的行进速度慢下来。上文提到，在实验室测试中，跳跃15分钟之后，患有关节炎的蟾蜍每次跳跃的距离会缩短。下文说到，即使关节炎使它们非常疼痛，这些蟾蜍行进的速度和距离与健康的蟾蜍一样。可见这里需要一个转折句，故选E。??
