问题详情

First Aid for Animal Bites
Risks of Bites
The most common animal bites in the United States are from dogs, cats and other humans in that order. Less common, but often more dangerous, are bites from skunks, raccoons, bats and other animals that live in the wild. The health risk of a bite depends on the animal and how severe the bite is. Risks include:
Rabies (狂犬病)—a serious and often fatal viral infection of the central nervous system. The virus is transmitted to human through the saliva(口水)of the infected animals. (Only warm-blooded animals can carry rabies. )
Poison—from the snakes; from the spiders--the worst ones being black widows, tarantulas and the brown recluse.
Bleeding
Infection
Lyme (莱姆关节炎) Disease—a bacterial infection spread by deer tick(扁虱) bites.
Lockjaw (破伤风)—painful, persistent stiffness of the jaw due to poison which can be prevented with up-to-date immunizations.
Bites Prevention
People should be careful When you find that animals have the following symptoms:
Strange behavior. such as activity by day for animals that are normally active by night.
Agitation, lack of fear of humans.
Foaming at the mouth.
Never leave a small child alone with a dog or cat, even if it"s a puppy or kitten. Teething as well as excited pets have been known to bite.
Teach children not to tease an animal. Tell them not to wave sticks, throw stones or pull a tail.
Do not move suddenly or scream around an animal. Don" t rush up to a dog until you know for sure that it is friendly. Sudden movements and loud noises can scare animals and cause them to attack.
leave pet dogs and cats alone while they are eating or sleeping.
Do not feed wild animals with your hands.
Do not pick up a sick or injured animal.
Do not nm from a strange dog.
Do not keep wild animals as pets.
Wear heavy boots when walking in areas where snakes live.
Wear long pants tucked into socks and long-sleeve shirts when walking through fields and forests, when camping, hiking and the like. (Light colored, tightly woven clothing is best. )
Inspect for ticks after these activities.
Questions to Ask
Is the Skin severely mangled(撕裂)by the animal bite or has the face been bitten？
Control bleeding if it is severe. Apply direct pressure on the wound and elevate the wounded area higher than the heart.
Does the person show signs of shock？ These include:
Pale or bluish lips, skin or fingernails
Cool, moist skin
Rapid or slow heart beat and/or breathing
Weakness, trembling
Restlessness, anxiety, confusion
Enlarged pupils
Vomiting
Has the victim been bitten by a snake known to be poisonous or are you unsure whether or not the snake is poisonous？
Carefully move the victim (or yourself) away from the snake. Carry the victim if necessary.
Calm the victim and have the victim rest as much as possible. Moving about can help the venom(毒液) spread.
Gently wash the bite area with soap and water.
Keep the limb of the bite site level with or just below the level of the heart.
Apply a batten to the limb of the bite site to keep it from moving.
Apply cold or ice to the bite
Cut the fang(毒牙)mark
Try to suck out the venom
Apply a tourniquet (止血带) or a bandage
Has the victim been bitten by a spider known to be poisonous or are you unsure whether or not the spider is poisonous？ Are any of these symptoms present？
Tiny red bite
A．Y
B．N
C．NG